Backlash

Hi chums,
How are you? I am fine. Hope all are doing well. Backlash is the sum of the axial clearance and the deformation caused by the axial loading. The elimination of backlash, which is absolutely necessary for some types on CNC machines, where precise positioning and high stiffness are required, is achieved by preloading. The amount of deformation is proportional to the load raised to the 2/3rd power. As the load increases, the deformation becomes progressively smaller, though the deformation is big when the load is light. Moreover, the preloading reduces deformation when the axial load is not heavy, thus increasing the system stiffness. Thank you.